Journal: iScience

Article Title: Fluorescence tracking Treg movement identifies anti-CCR8 and radiation as a therapeutic combination

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.114572

Figure Lengend Snippet: Combination RT and anti-CCR8 reduces tumor burden and improve survival in distant non-irradiated tumors BALB/c mice were injected with CT26 on both flanks. Tumor-bearing mice were treated with a “pre” treatment strategy. Mice were injected i.p. with anti-CCR8 on days 7, 10, and 14 and treated with 12 Gy RT to the right flank tumor (treated) on day14 post-tumor inoculation. The left tumor (untreated) did not receive RT. Tumor growth and survival were assessed. A total of 8 mice were analyzed per group. Data are represented as mean ± SD. Statistics for survival plots were performed using a Mantel-Cox test between groups. ns = not significant, ∗∗∗∗ p < 0.0001, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗ p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: CT26 mouse colorectal carcinoma , ATCC , Cat #: CRL-2638.

Techniques: Irradiation, Injection

Journal: Biogerontology

Article Title: Tumor-derived circulating DNA can induce senescence and SASP activation in mouse embryonic fibroblasts

doi: 10.1007/s10522-026-10400-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Quantitative analysis of senescence associated gene expression in MEFs following 24 h cfDNA or ctDNA exposure. a p16, b p21, c p53

Article Snippet: Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (ATCC CRL-2991) were cultured at 37 °C in a humidified incubator with 5% CO 2 .

Techniques: Gene Expression

Journal: Biogerontology

Article Title: Tumor-derived circulating DNA can induce senescence and SASP activation in mouse embryonic fibroblasts

doi: 10.1007/s10522-026-10400-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Quantitative analysis of SASP associated gene expression in MEFs following 24 h cfDNA or ctDNA exposure. a IL-1B, b IL-6

Article Snippet: Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (ATCC CRL-2991) were cultured at 37 °C in a humidified incubator with 5% CO 2 .

Techniques: Gene Expression

Journal: Biogerontology

Article Title: Tumor-derived circulating DNA can induce senescence and SASP activation in mouse embryonic fibroblasts

doi: 10.1007/s10522-026-10400-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining of MEFs following 24 h exposure to cfDNA or ctDNA. Images captured under brightfield microscopy using a 10 × objective. a NC, b Sen ( +) /PC, c ctDNA-LD, d ctDNA-HD, e cfDNA-LD, f cfDNA-HD

Article Snippet: Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (ATCC CRL-2991) were cultured at 37 °C in a humidified incubator with 5% CO 2 .

Techniques: Staining, Microscopy

Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. B

Article Title: Targeting oncogenic K-RAS mutants with small-molecule degrader XMU-MP-9 through NEDD4-1

doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2025.07.031

Figure Lengend Snippet: XMU-MP-9 suppresses growth of K-RAS mutant harboring cancer cells formed tumor in mice. (A–C) XMU-MP-9 inhibits xenograft tumor growth of SW620 cells in nude mice. SW620 cells were subcutaneously injected into nude mice to form xenograft tumors. The tumor-bearing mice were given a daily dose of 40 or 80 mg/kg of XMU-MP-9 (injected with a dose of 40 mg/kg once or twice a day via tail vein) or vehicle as control. Tumor volumes were measured and plotted as mean ± SEM ( n = 6 animals per group). P values were determined by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test. ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 (A). The tumors were obtained 13 days after drug treatment by sacrificing the mice (B), weighted and plotted as mean ± SEM ( n = 6 animals per group). P values were determined by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test. ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 (C). (D, E) Treatment of XMU-MP-9 decreases K-RAS G12V levels and downstream signaling in SW620 cells formed tumors. Representative tumors were subjected to immunoblotting (D) or IHC assay (E). Scale bar indicates 10 μm. (F–H) XMU-MP-9 inhibits transplant tumor growth of CT-26 cells in BALB/c mice. CT-26 cells were subcutaneously injected into BALB/c mice to form transplant tumors. The tumor-bearing mice were treated and analyzed same as in (A–C). (I, J) Treatment of XMU-MP-9 decreases K-RAS G12D levels and downstream signaling in CT-26 cells formed tumors. Representative tumors were subjected to immunoblotting (I) or IHC assay (J). Scale bar indicates 10 μm.

Article Snippet: Human embryonic kidney HEK293T (CRL-3216), human colon cancer SW620 (CCL-227), HCT 116 (CCL-247), human pancreas cancer AsPC-1 (CRL-1682), MIA PaCa-2 (CRM-CRL-1420), human lung cancer NCI-H460 (HTB-177), A549 (CRM-CCL-185), mouse colon cancer CT-26 (CRL-2638), mouse fibroblast NIH3T3 (CRL-1658), mouse embryonic fibroblast MEF (CRL-2991), and human liver epithelial THLE-2 (CRL-2706) cell lines were obtained from ATCC.

Techniques: Mutagenesis, Injection, Control, Western Blot

Journal: PLOS Pathogens

Article Title: Nucleus softens during herpesvirus infection

doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1013873

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Cryo-soft X-ray (SXT) tomography ortho-slices of noninfected (NI) and infected mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells at 8 hpi. Molecular densities are presented in a continuous grey scale representing linear absorption coefficient values ranging from 0.1 to 0.4 μm -1 (calibration bar). Scale bars, 2 μm. (B) Cross-sections of 3D SXT reconstructions of a noninfected and an infected cell. The high-density region (heterochromatin) is shown in blue, the low-density region (euchromatin) in yellow, the viral replication compartment (VRC/euchromatin) area in green, and the cytoplasm in grey. See also . Quantitative analysis of linear absorption coefficient (LAC) of the (C) low-density and (D) high-density region in noninfected and infected cells at 4 and 8 hpi (n = 6). (E) Representative cross-sections of focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) images of noninfected and infected MEF cells at 8 hpi. The viral capsid (arrows) and nuclear pore complexes (arrowheads) are shown. Scale bars, 0.5 µm. See also . (F) Reconstruction of chromatin fiber thickness and (G) chromatin density as a function of the distance from the nuclear envelope in noninfected and infected cells. The color scale in (F) indicates high and low chromatin thickness (yellow-blue), and in (G) high and low density (yellow-blue). The error bars show the standard deviation. Statistical significance was determined using Tukey’s test, and the significance values are denoted as * (p < 0.05). Nonsignificant differences (p ≥ 0.05) are not labeled.

Article Snippet: Mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (MEF, ATCC CRL-2991) and African green monkey kidney cells (Vero, ATCC CCL-81) were grown in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, L-glutamine, and penicillin-streptomycin (Gibco-Invitrogen) at 37 °C in the presence of 5% CO 2.

Techniques: Tomography, Infection, Electron Microscopy, Standard Deviation, Labeling

Journal: Biomacromolecules

Article Title: Lopinavir Derivative as Potent P‑gp Inhibitor Enables Delivery through HPMA Copolymer Conjugates and Overcoming Tumor Chemoresistance to Conventional Cytostatic Drugs

doi: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5c02097

Figure Lengend Snippet: LD and P-LD cause potent sensitization of P-gp-expressing cancer cells to the cytostatic activity of free and HPMA copolymer–bound conventional cytostatic drugs, respectively. Sensitization of P388/MDR, CT26, and SCC7 cells to the cytostatic activity of DOX or DTX in the presence of LD at various constant concentrations (A) or to that of P-DOX or P-DTXD at various constant concentrations of P-LD (B) after 72 h of incubation. [ 3 H]-thymidine incorporation assay was employed herein. Concentrations shown in experiments with polymer conjugates represent free drug equivalents. Proliferation of cells exposed to the test drugs relative to those exposed to the same concentration of only LD or P-LD have been plotted. IC 50 values for each cytostatic drug in the absence or presence of LD or P-LD are presented in brackets. Each data point represents the mean ± SD of the tetraplicate samples. Each experiment was conducted at least twice, and similar results were obtained.

Article Snippet: The CT26 mouse colon adenocarcinoma cell line (catalog no. CRL-2638, RRID: CVCL_7256) was purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA) and cultivated in RPMI-1640 medium (Sigma-Aldrich, Czech Republic) supplemented with heat activated fetal bovine serum (10%), 100 U/mL of penicillin-streptomycin solution, 1 mM sodium pyruvate, 4.5 g/L of glucose, and 10 mM HEPES.

Techniques: Expressing, Activity Assay, Incubation, Thymidine Incorporation Assay, Polymer, Concentration Assay

Journal: Biomacromolecules

Article Title: Lopinavir Derivative as Potent P‑gp Inhibitor Enables Delivery through HPMA Copolymer Conjugates and Overcoming Tumor Chemoresistance to Conventional Cytostatic Drugs

doi: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5c02097

Figure Lengend Snippet: LD and P-LD considerably potentiate the induction of apoptosis in cancer cells expressing P-gp by conventional cytostatic drugs and their polymer-bound counterparts, respectively. Induction of apoptosis in P388/MDR (A, G) and CT26 (B, C, H, and I) cells was determined by annexin V–Dy647/Hoechst 33258 staining followed by flow cytometry analysis. The cells were incubated with 10 or 1 μM DOX (A and B, respectively) or 120 μM DTX (C) alone or in combination with the indicated concentrations of LD for 48 h. The cells were incubated with 80 or 8 μM (G and H, respectively) of P-DOX or 150 μM P-DTXD (I) alone or in combination with the indicated concentrations of P-LD for 48 h. Untreated cells (control) and cells treated with the corresponding concentrations of LD or P-LD alone were included as controls. Representative dot plots from one of at least two independent experiments, each with triplicate samples, which yielded similar results are shown. Caspase-3 activity was determined for titrated concentrations of DOX in P388/MDR (D) and CT26 (E) cells and titrated concentrations of DTX in CT26 cells (F) alone or in combination with 2 μM LD after 48 h of incubation via a fluorescence-based assay for detecting the activity of activated caspase-3. Caspase-3 activity was determined for titrated concentrations of P-DOX in P388/MDR (J) and CT26 (K) cells and for titrated concentrations of P-DTXD in CT26 cells (L) alone or combined with 4 μM P-LD after 48 h of incubation. For the control group, the cells were incubated with only culture medium. Concentrations are represented as drug equivalents in experiments involving polymer conjugates. Each bar showing the amount of released AMC represents the mean ± SD of triplicate samples. Experiments were conducted at least twice and yielded similar results. Statistically significant differences between compared compounds evaluated via unpaired two-tailed Student’s t -test are represented by *, **, and *** denoting P ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.01, and P ≤ 0.001, respectively.

Article Snippet: The CT26 mouse colon adenocarcinoma cell line (catalog no. CRL-2638, RRID: CVCL_7256) was purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA) and cultivated in RPMI-1640 medium (Sigma-Aldrich, Czech Republic) supplemented with heat activated fetal bovine serum (10%), 100 U/mL of penicillin-streptomycin solution, 1 mM sodium pyruvate, 4.5 g/L of glucose, and 10 mM HEPES.

Techniques: Expressing, Polymer, Staining, Flow Cytometry, Incubation, Control, Activity Assay, Fluorescence, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Biomacromolecules

Article Title: Lopinavir Derivative as Potent P‑gp Inhibitor Enables Delivery through HPMA Copolymer Conjugates and Overcoming Tumor Chemoresistance to Conventional Cytostatic Drugs

doi: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5c02097

Figure Lengend Snippet: P-LD improves the antitumor efficacy of P-DOX in mouse tumor models of induced and intrinsic MDR without increasing toxicity. The combination of P-LD with P-DOX significantly inhibited tumor growth and improved survival in mice bearing P388/MDR-derived tumors. DBA/2 mice ( n = 8) were subcutaneously (s.c.) administered 2.5 × 10 5 P388/MDR cells on day 0. P-LD (100 mg LD/kg per dose, i.p.) and P-DOX (25 mg DOX/kg per dose, i.v.) were administered on days 6, 9, and 12. Toxicity (A), tumor growth (B), and survival of the experimental mice (C) were recorded. The combination of P-LD with P-DOX significantly inhibited tumor growth and improved survival in mice bearing CT26-derived tumors. BALB/c mice ( n = 8; n = 9 for the combination treatment group) were administered 2 × 10 5 CT26 cells on day 0. P-LD (120 mg LD/kg per dose, i.p.), P-DOX (30 mg DOX/kg per dose, i.v.), and DOX (5 mg/kg per dose, i.v.) were administered on days 7, 10, and 13. Toxicity (D), tumor growth (E), and survival of the experimental mice (F) were recorded. P-DOX was administered 1 h following the administration of P-LD in all of the experiments. Mice in the control group were injected with the same volume (250 μL) of phosphate buffered saline. Unpaired two-tailed Student’s t -test and Mantle–Cox log-rank test were employed for analyzing the statistical significance of the data, which has been indicated by *, **, and *** (denoting P ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.01, and P ≤ 0.001, respectively). MS denotes the mean survival in days. Experiments were done twice with comparable results.

Article Snippet: The CT26 mouse colon adenocarcinoma cell line (catalog no. CRL-2638, RRID: CVCL_7256) was purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA) and cultivated in RPMI-1640 medium (Sigma-Aldrich, Czech Republic) supplemented with heat activated fetal bovine serum (10%), 100 U/mL of penicillin-streptomycin solution, 1 mM sodium pyruvate, 4.5 g/L of glucose, and 10 mM HEPES.

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Control, Injection, Saline, Two Tailed Test